Gastrointestinal Emergencies: Acute Abdomen & More

Introduction

Gastrointestinal (GI) emergencies like abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, and pancreatitis require prompt diagnosis and intervention.

Common GI Emergencies & Management

1. Acute Abdomen

   • Causes: Appendicitis, cholecystitis, bowel obstruction.
   • Emergency investigations: Ultrasound, CT abdomen.

2. GI Bleeding

   • Upper GI Bleeding: Peptic ulcers, varices (managed with endoscopy).
   • Lower GI Bleeding: Diverticulosis, colorectal cancer.

3. Hepatic & Pancreatic Emergencies

   • Acute liver failure: Managed with supportive care & transplant evaluation.
   • Acute pancreatitis: NPO (nothing by mouth), IV fluids, pain management.

Conclusion

Recognizing and managing GI emergencies quickly is critical for patient outcomes. These MBBS notes provide essential learning material.